载铜树脂处理高含盐氨氮废水的性能

针对高含盐氨氮废水，选择具有不同功能基团的树脂为载体，进行负载Cu2+改性制得载铜树脂并对其处理高含盐氨氮废水的性能进行研究。在筛选出最佳载铜树脂的基础上，研究pH及Na+浓度、树脂投加量、反应时间对载铜树脂处理高含盐氨氮废水效果的影响，通过对吸附氨氮前后的载铜树脂进行SEM和EDS表征分析并构建吸附动力学模型以进一步探究配位吸附的过程。结果表明，Cu2+可与螯合树脂D751稳定结合且在宽pH值下均表现出耐盐性和良好的氨氮吸附效果；在室温(25℃)、pH=11及Na+浓度4 g/L、树脂投加量8 g/L、反应时间60 min的条件下，D751载铜树脂对氨氮的去除率为34.8%。D751载铜树脂吸附氨氮后其表面出现明显的晶状结构物质，该物质可能为铜氨络合物。D751载铜树脂对高含盐氨氮的吸附符合准二级动力学模型。     

Silica-supported carboxylated cellulose nanofibers for effective lysozyme adsorption: Effect of macropore size

Engineering hierarchical macro/mesoporous structures that offer an abundance of accessible binding sites are highly desirable in protein adsorption processes. However, numerous significant challenges remain. Herein, cellulose nanofiber (CNF)-loaded macroporous silica (CNF-MPS) particles were successfully synthesized with a high degree of accessible binding sites by tuning the macropore size of the silica particles and loading a highly carboxylated CNF via smart and rational design. The as-prepared CNF-MPS particles exhibited a high negative charge (~−59 mV) and excellent protein adsorption ability (>1000 mg/g) in <5 min. Furthermore, tuning the macropore size influenced the CNF deposition either to the external surface or penetrating within the pores. As a result, the optimum macropore successfully enhances the adsorption capability to >1500 mg/g as a result of improved interconnectivity between the channels. Here exposed macropores of >100 nm allows ingress of protein to the interior structure that houses an abundance of binding sites comprising the dispersed CNF. Additionally, the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics, and isothermal parameters were studied to analyze the mechanism of lysozyme adsorption. The adsorption process is confirmed to occur spontaneously at any temperature with a pseudo-second-order model describing the kinetic model, and CNF deposition affecting the heterogeneity of the binding sites.     

Fabrication of RGO/Cu composites based on electrostatic adsorption

To address the issues of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) dispersion in copper (Cu) matrix and interface bonding between RGO and Cu, an electrostatic adsorption method with interface transition phase design was employed to prepare the RGO/Cu based composites. Cu-Ti alloy powder was employed to improve the combination by forming carbides at the RGO-Cu interface. It was noted that the mechanical property of 0.3wt.%RGO/Cu-Ti composite was increased by 60% compared with that of the matrix. Strengthening mechanism analysis suggested that the enhancement of the mechanical property was ascribed to the load transfer and second phase strengthening which were from the improved dispersion of RGO and the in-situ formed titanium carbide phase.     

Effect of Cu element on morphology of TiB2 particles in TiB2/Al−Cu composites

In order to explore the influence of Cu element on the morphology evolution of the in-situ TiB₂ particles, the 10 wt.% TiB₂ reinforced Al−5wt.%Cu based composite was prepared by mixed salt casting. The morphology characterization and transformation of TiB₂ reinforcements caused by Cu element were investigated by multi-scale microstructure characterization and statistics techniques. In the case of controlled casting, 5 wt.% Cu addition was found to transform the TiB₂ particle morphology from hexagonal plate with sharp edges and corners to hexagonal or tetragonal prism with chamfered edges and corners with the distinguishing growth steps both on the top surface and the side surface. The TiB₂ growth in Al−Cu matrix followed the rules: nano-scaled spherical nuclei—polyhedron grains—chamfered hexagonal particles—hexagonal plates—chamfered particles with obvious growth steps. The adsorption energy of Cu on different crystal surfaces of TiB₂ was caculated to reveal the influence mechanism and the results indicated that Cu was preferentially adsorbed on the (101(—)1)_TiB2 crystal planes, devoting to the small aspect ratio of TiB₂.     

含氮超交联聚合物对磺胺二甲基嘧啶的吸附

通过一步法制备了一种含氮超交联吸附剂,探究了对水中磺胺二甲基嘧啶的去除能力,通过扫描电镜和红外光谱对超交联聚合物的表面结构和化学性质进行表征。结果表明,该吸附剂的最大吸附容量能够高达336.45 mg/g;吸附动力学过程符合准二级模型。     

苄基化疏水改性淀粉的合成及水煤浆分散性能

采用氧化淀粉和羟乙基淀粉为原料,氯化苄为疏水剂,引入一定量的疏水基团苄基,制备出两种新型苄基化改性淀粉(氧化苄基化淀粉(OBS)和羟乙基苄基化淀粉(HBS))。将OBS和HBS作为分散剂应用于神华煤制备水煤浆,探讨改性淀粉对浆体的表观黏度、制浆浓度、稳定性和流变性的影响。结果表明:OBS和HBS的最佳添加量为0.50%(质量分数,下同),最大制浆浓度为65%;苄基化疏水改性后制得的淀粉分散剂均具有较好的分散效果,含苄基和羧基更多的OBS分散剂性能更佳,浆体表观黏度为842 mPa·s,7 d析水率为4.3%,煤颗粒表面Zeta电位降至-36.2 mV,体现出较好的稳定性和流变特性。OBS分散剂通过结构中的疏水基团苄基与煤中的硫水区域通过π电子极化作用力结合,形成平躺的线性折叠链式吸附。     

Preparation of magnetic core-shell Ce-doped zirconia and its As(III) adsorption properties

A new magnetic mesoporous As(III) adsorbent of Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Ce-ZrO₂ was prepared by solvothermal and sol-gel method. The core-shell adsorbent presented a high specific surface area (168.2 m²/g) and fast magnetic separation performance (5.37 A·m²/kg). Compared with Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@ZrO₂, the Ce-doped sample exhibited 12%-23% increase in As(III) uptake over pH 3-11, which was mainly attributed to the formation of bimetal M—O—As complexes. The coexisted and weakened As(III) adsorption, Ca²⁺ worked oppositely, but the impact of Cl^- and was negligible. The As(III) maximum adsorption capacity was 24.52 mg/g at 313 K with an initial As(III) concentration of 5 mg/L at pH 7, and its kinetics was well fitted by the pseudo-second-order model. Moreover, the adsorbent exhibited remarkable recyclability. It is suggested that Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Ce-ZrO₂ is a promising adsorbent for the advanced treatment of As(III) contaminated wastewater.     

One‐Step Construction of N,P‐Codoped Porous Carbon Sheets/CoP Hybrids with Enhanced Lithium and Potassium Storage

Despite the desirable advancement in synthesizing transition‐metal phosphides (TMPs)‐based hybrid structures, most methods depend on foreign‐template‐based multistep procedures for tailoring the specific structure. Herein, a self‐template and recrystallization–self‐assembly strategy for the one‐step synthesis of core–shell‐like cobalt phosphide (CoP) nanoparticles embedded into nitrogen and phosphorus codoped porous carbon sheets (CoP?NPPCS), is first proposed. Relying on the unusual coordination ability of melamine with metal ions and the cooperative hydrogen bonding of melamine and phytic acid to form a 2D network, a self‐synthesized single precursor can be attained. Importantly, this approach can be easily expanded to synthesize other TMPs?NPPCS. Due to the unique compositional and structural characteristics, these CoP?NPPCSs manifest outstanding electrochemical performances as anode materials for both lithium‐ and potassium‐ion batteries. The unusual hybrid architecture, the high specific surface area, and porous features make the CoP?NPPCS attractive for other potential applications, such as supercapacitors and electrocatalysis.     

基于物质平衡方程的页岩气井产能预测方法

页岩气井产能受地质和压裂改造参数综合影响,在开发初期,难以确定可靠的地质模型来预测气井产能。为了快速、准确地预测气井产能,在研究页岩气物质平衡方程和产能方程的基础上,考虑吸附气和异常高压气藏岩石弹性能量影响,建立了基于物质平衡方程的页岩气井产能预测方法,该方法需要参数较少,可在开发初期快速对页岩气井产能进行预测。涪陵地区X1井实例计算表明:该方法综合考虑了页岩气吸附气解吸、异常高压气藏岩石弹性能量的影响,产能预测结果准确、可靠;吸附气对气井累产气量影响明显,约占总累产气量17%,对定产生产气井的稳产期影响不大;吸附气的贡献在2.5~4年逐渐体现出来,定压放喷生产初期产量高,地层压力下降快,吸附气的产出贡献比控制产量的定产生产方式要早;考虑岩石弹性能量的影响,气井稳产时间和累产气有所增加,但影响不明显。